Project Summary/Abstract We aim to create a spatiotemporal single cell resolution map of the developing human neocortex in order to establish how many distinct cell types are present and to unravel their complex developmental history. We will build our analysis on a multimodal classification of cells types based on transcriptomic signatures but complemented where possible by physiological and epigenetic features.
Project Summary A detailed census of the structure and role of cell type specific data in the brain is recognized as one of the most promising avenues for advancing our understanding of the human brain in health and disease. The primary goal of this project is to build a foundational community resource for housing single-cell centered data content in the brain.
PROJECT SUMMARY AND ABSTRACT A comprehensive understanding neuronal cell type diversity is an essential guide to selective manipulation and illuminating cell type specific functional contributions toward health and disease. Accordingly, the Brain Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN) is unifying the efforts of laboratories with unique expertise in anatomy, genetics, electrophysiology, and function to classify neurons and create a common 3D atlas with integrated cell type data.
Project Summary (Research Segment 2) The brain circuit is an intricately interconnected network of numerous cell types. To understand the principles of information processing in the brain circuit, it is essential to determine a catalog of cell types, how they are distributed throughout the brain, and how they are connected to each other.
OVERVIEW: Project Summary A comprehensive understanding of how neural circuits spanning the entire brain generate the full repertoire of perception and behaviors requires a list of brain cell types, as well the means to target each cell type in order to interrogate the functional interactions that give rise to the emergent properties of the whole system.
Although considerable information about neuronal circuits has been generated from experiments where retrograde transsynaptic tracing has been performed using Rabies Virus, there is no comparable technique for transsynaptic tracing in the anterograde direction. The purpose of this grant is to optimize and validate a method for mediating anterograde transsynaptic tracing from genetically or physiologically determined cells. This method is monosynaptic, only marks cells that are postsynaptic to the starter cells and has negligible toxicity.
PROJECT SUMMARY Although great efforts have been dedicated to characterizing neuronal cell types in the brain, systematic studies on the brain-spinal cord connectome and associated spinal neuronal types are lacking. In this project, a team of seven laboratories proposes to use a highly innovative and multidisciplinary approach to systematically characterize neuronal types in the spinal cord based on their anatomy, connectivity, neuronal morphologies, molecular identities, and electrophysiological properties.
Project Summary Brain-wide correlation of single-cell firing properties to patterns of gene expression Every neuron expresses thousands of proteins which, through their interactions with each other and with other small molecules, imbue the neuron with its functional properties. The primary function of each neuron is to receive synaptic inputs, to produce electrical spikes, and to release neurotransmitters to its downstream neighbors. Neurons show widely varying patterns of gene expression, and also show widely varying patterns of electrical spiking.
Abstract Human brain is an exceedingly complex network of spatially organized and functionally connected neurons imbedded in glia. In surpasses the mouse brain by three orders of magnitude in terms of sheer numbers of cells, and likely has a more complex organization structure relevant to human-specific cognitive functions. Defining a complete cell atlas of the human brain, including a full catalog of all cell types (i.e.
