Funded Awards

A core goal of the BRAIN Initiative is to link neural activity to behavior which requires technology to acquire high-quality recordings of dynamic neural activity from different brain regions over time.

Project Summary / Abstract A number of recent observations suggest that complex brain functions in the mammalian brain emerge from highly parallel computation in which information about sensory inputs, internal states, and behavioral parameters are mapped onto highly distributed brain-wide neuronal

PROJECT SUMMARY The cerebellum has long been thought to solely process motor information. Yet, there is a growing literature that points to a role of the cerebellum in processes across multiple domains.

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Working memory, the ability to maintain and manipulate in formation in memory over a period of seconds, is a critical component of higher cognitive functions.

ABSTRACT The zebrafish has emerged as a useful model system to discover and characterize genetic and neuronal circuits that regulate vertebrate sleep.

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Protein ticker-tapes for brain-wide neural recordings Behavior emerges from the interacting activity of widely distributed ensembles of neurons; but all existing tools for measuring brain activity sample only a small subset of these dynamics.

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Optogenetics provides a precise deconstruction of neural circuits by optically manipulating the activity of opsin-expressing neurons with fast temporal responses and neuron-type specificity.

The goal of this proposal is to combine the power of the NEURON mathematical modeling software with the Cybercyte “plug and play” dynamic clamp system.

PROJECT SUMMARY A detailed and comprehensive census of central nervous system (CNS) cell types and states is essential to our understanding of the neural substrates of cognition and behavior.

SUMMARY The brain processes sensory inputs and contextualizes this information with internal brain states, generating the signals that drive motor and cognitive behaviors. The underlying computations are distributed across several anatomically and functionally distinct brain regions.

Project Summary Preeclampsia, a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, can advance to eclampsia, when the mother displays novel seizures. The mechanisms that cause some preeclampsia patients to advance to eclampsia are unknown.

Project Summary/Abstract The brain undergoes extensive synaptic plasticity and circuit refinement during development. Similar changes recur throughout life during learning in a more narrowly constrained manner.

A fundamental goal of the BRAIN Initiative and other neuroscience projects is to map cell types in the brain and study their changes associated with function, disease, and drug treatment.

Project Summary The neuroscience community is experiencing a revolution in its ability to share and analyze vast amounts of human brain imaging data, with support from the BRAIN Initiative and other substantial data-sharing efforts.

SUMMARY Motivation: In the US, almost 800’000 people have a stroke every year. Unfortunately, despite intense physio- therapy stroke survivors retain permanent arm motor deficits, some complete hemiparesis.

The brain is a massively interconnected network of specialized circuits.

Project Summary Minimally invasive neural modulation at sub-millimeter spatial resolution remains a critical yet unmet biomedical need. Researchers have explored a broad spectrum of electromagnetic wave and developed wireless neuromodulation methods.

Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) is a new modality for neuromodulation, with unique capabilities qualitatively different from the conventional electrostimulation.

1 PROJECT SUMMARY 2 Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide, incurring a projected healthcare 3 burden of $1 trillion in the United States alone by 2060.

Reading involves complex transformations of word forms, with visual input mapped to lexical, semantic and phonological systems in less than a second.